• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    A valve mechanism and related methods are described. An exemplary valve mechanism includes a cage defining a body having a bore for receiving a valve plug. The cage includes a plurality of passageways through a side surface of the body which are radially spaced from a longitudinal axis of the bore. A valve seat to receive the cage. The valve seat has a plurality of protrusions defining a plurality of first openings and a plurality of second openings. Some of the first openings align with respective passageways of the passageways to provide a first flow characteristic when the cage is positioned in a first orientation relative to the valve seat. Some of the second openings align with respective passageways of the cage passageways to provide a second flow characteristic different from the first flow characteristic when the cage is positioned in a second orientation relative to the seat of the cage. valve different from the first orientation.
    公开号:FR3095026A1
    申请号:FR2003772
    申请日:2020-04-15
    公开日:2020-10-16
    发明作者:Steven Hostetter；Wesley Ohrt
    申请人:Fisher Controls International LLC；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Domain of disclosure
    [0002] The present disclosure relates generally to fluid valves and more particularly to a valve mechanism having adjustable fluid flow characteristics and related methods.
    [0003] context
    [0004] Control valves are often used in industrial processes such as, for example, oil and gas pipeline distribution systems and chemical process plants to regulate the flow of process fluids. Control valves often use a valve mechanism including a cage having one or more openings to alter a fluid flow pattern to provide a desired fluid flow characteristic through the valve.
    [0005] Summary
    [0006] An exemplary valve mechanism includes a cage defining a body having a bore to receive a valve plug. The cage includes a plurality of passageways through a side surface of the body that are radially spaced with respect to a longitudinal axis of the bore. A valve seat to receive the cage. The valve seat has a plurality of projections defining a plurality of first apertures and a plurality of second apertures. Some of the first apertures align with respective ones of the passageways to provide a first flow characteristic when the cage is positioned in a first orientation relative to the valve seat. Some of the second openings align with respective ones of the cage passageways to provide a second flow characteristic different from the first flow characteristic when the cage is positioned in a second orientation relative to the seat of the cage. valve, different from the first orientation
    [0007] In another example, the valve includes a valve body defining a fluid flow path between an inlet and an outlet. A valve seat is positioned in the valve body to define an orifice of the fluid flow path, the valve seat defining a plurality of projections. A cage is positioned in the fluid flow passageway, the cage defining a bore and a plurality of passageways formed through a side surface of the cage. The cage slidably receives a valve plug at a first end of the bore and at least partially receives a portion of the valve seat projections at a second end of the bore, opposite the first end.
    [0008] In yet another example, a valve mechanism includes sealing means including means for obstructing fluid flow and means for guiding a valve cap. The guide means includes means for characterizing the fluid flow. The guide means can be positioned relative to the sealing means between at least one of a first orientation or a second orientation different from the first orientation. The fluid flow obstruction means is positioned adjacent to the means for characterizing fluid flow when the guide means is in the first orientation and the fluid flow obstruction means is arranged to align with the means for characterizing fluid flow when the guide means is in the second orientation.
    [0009] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary control valve constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present disclosure.
    [0010] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary fluid valve taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1 shown in an exemplary closed position.
    [0011] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary fluid valve of Figures 1 and 2, shown in an exemplary open position.
    [0012] Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of an exemplary valve mechanism of Figures 1-3.
    [0013] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary valve mechanism of Figures 1-4.
    [0014] Figure 6 is a front view of the exemplary valve mechanism of Figures 1-5, configured to provide a first flow characteristic.
    [0015] Figure 7 is a front view of the valve mechanism of Figures 1-5 configured to provide a second flow characteristic.
    [0016] Figure 8A is a cross-sectional perspective view of an exemplary valve body of Figures 1-3.
    [0017] Figure 8B is a cross-sectional bottom view of an exemplary valve body taken along line 8B-8B of Figure 3 and showing the exemplary valve mechanism coupled to the exemplary valve body.
    [0018] Figure 8C is a cross-sectional top view of the exemplary valve body of Figures 1-3 showing the exemplary valve mechanism coupled to the exemplary valve body.
    [0019] Figure 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the exemplary valve body and exemplary valve mechanism when the exemplary valve mechanism is in the first exemplary orientation.
    [0020] Figure 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the exemplary valve body and exemplary valve mechanism when the exemplary valve mechanism is in the second exemplary orientation.
    [0021]
    [0022]
    [0023]
    [0024] Figures 11A-11D are representative schematic illustrations of an exemplary method 1100 for configuring the exemplary valve mechanism between the first exemplary flow characteristic and the second exemplary flow characteristic 700.
    [0025]
    [0026]
    [0027]
    [0028]
    [0029]
    [0030]
    [0031] Figures 12A-12G are various views of an exemplary cage of the exemplary valve mechanism of Figures 1-7, 8A-8C, 9, 10, and 11A-11D. Figure 12A is a perspective view of the exemplary cage. Figure 12B is a front view of Figure 12A. Figure 12C is a left side view of Figure 12A. Figure 12D is a right side view of Figure 12A. Figure 12E is a rear view of Figure 12A. Figure 12F is a top view of Figure 12A. Figure 12G is a bottom view of Figure 12A.
    [0032]
    [0033]
    [0034]
    [0035]
    [0036]
    [0037]
    [0038]
    [0039] Figures 13A-13G are various views of an exemplary valve seat of the exemplary valve mechanism of Figures 1-7, 8A-8C, 9, 10, and 11A-11D. Figure 13A is a perspective view of the exemplary cage. Figure 13B is a front view of Figure 13A. Figure 13C is a left side view of Figure 13A. Figure 13D is a right side view of Figure 13A. Figure 13E is a rear view of Figure 13A. Figure 13F is a top view of Figure 13A. Figure 13G is a bottom view of Figure 13A.
    [0040] detailed description
    [0041] In order to accommodate different process flow demands, control valves can be configured to provide different fluid flow characteristics. In some examples, a flow characteristic is based on a relationship between control valve fluid flow capacity and displacement of the valve plug (e.g. stem), which is commonly referred to as a flow characteristic. flow inherent in a control valve. In order to provide a desired ratio of flow capacity and valve plug displacement, control valves use a valve mechanism apparatus. A different valve mechanism apparatus can be selected to affect how a capacity of a control valve changes as a flow control element of the valve moves through a full stroke or displacement full. Thus, a different valve mechanism apparatus can be used to meet a variety of control application needs and/or flow characteristics. However, using a different valve mechanism apparatus to achieve different fluid flow characteristics increases manufacturing costs.
    [0042] The exemplary valve mechanism and related methods described herein provide adjustable fluid flow characteristics (eg, inherent fluid flow characteristics). For example, a single valve mechanism apparatus described herein can be configured to provide a plurality of different fluid flow characteristics. In this way, a single valve mechanism apparatus (eg, a valve cage and seat) can be used to provide a first fluid flow characteristic (eg, a linear fluid characteristic) or a second fluid flow characteristic. fluid flow (eg, an equivalent percentage fluid flow characteristic) different from the first fluid flow characteristic. For this reason, the exemplary valve mechanism described herein significantly reduces manufacturing costs.
    [0043] The exemplary valve mechanism described herein uses a valve cage and seat (eg, seat ring). Specifically, an orientation of the cage relative to the seat ring defines a fluid flow characteristic of the exemplary valve mechanism apparatus. For example, a fluid flow characteristic provided by an exemplary cage and valve seat described herein is based on an exemplary window geometry (e.g., passageway) of the cage. In order to modify or change a fluid flow characteristic of the exemplary valve, an orientation of the cage relative to the valve seat is changed to modify or change a fluid flow path or window geometry of the valve mechanism. valve. In order to alter the fluid flow path or window geometry of the valve mechanism, a passageway or opening in the cage aligns with an obstruction or overlapping projection provided by or formed on the valve seat. In a first instance, to provide a first flow characteristic, the cage is coupled to the valve seat in a first orientation such that a passageway of the cage is at least partially obstructed or blocked by a protrusion (e.g. a tooth, a wall, a finger, etc.) supported by the valve seat. In a second case, to provide a second flow characteristic different from the first flow characteristic, the cage is coupled to the valve seat in a second orientation such that a passageway of the cage is unobstructed or unobstructed by (eg the projection supported by) the valve seat. Different fluid flow characteristics can be predicted based on a variation in a window geometry of the valve mechanism affected by an orientation of the cage relative to the valve seat (e.g., a variation in a flow path). defined by a positional relationship between the cage passageway and the valve seat obstruction). In some examples, the modified window geometry allows the valve mechanism apparatus described here to create different different flow characteristic options (e.g., linear and equivalent percentage) using a single set of parts (for example a valve cage and seat). For example, in order to change the fluid flow characteristic of a control valve, a user of the control valve can simply change an orientation of the cage relative to the valve seat without having to purchase additional mechanism parts. (for example a cage) and replacing one part of the mechanism with another. Thus, for example, the valve mechanism apparatus described herein reduces the amount of parts that would otherwise be fabricated to provide a plurality of different flow characteristics.
    [0044] The exemplary valve mechanism apparatus described herein may be configured to provide a first flow characteristic, a second fluid flow characteristic different from the first flow characteristic, a third flow characteristic different from the first and second flow characteristics, etc. Exemplary fluid flow characteristics may include, but are not limited to, a linear flow characteristic (e.g., a flow capacity that increases linearly with valve stem movement), a equivalent percentage flow characteristic (e.g. flow capacity that increases exponentially with movement of the valve mechanism), modified parabolic characteristic (e.g. flow capacity that is approximately halfway between the linear and equivalent percentage characteristics to provide precise reduction at low flow capacity and approximately linear characteristics at higher flow capacity), a fast-opening flow characteristic (e.g. provides large flow changes for very small changes in valve stem displacement), a hyperbolic flow characteristic as, a squared flow characteristic and/or any other flow characteristic(s).
    [0045] Figure 1 illustrates a control valve 100 fabricated in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure. Control valve 100 includes fluid valve 102 coupled to actuator 104 via cover 106. Actuator 104 moves fluid valve 102 between a closed position to prevent fluid flow through fluid valve 102 and an open position to allow fluid flow through fluid valve 102. Actuator 104 in the illustrated example is a pneumatic diaphragm actuator. However, in other examples, the actuator 104 can be a piston actuator, a bellows actuator, an electric actuator, and/or any other actuator. The control valve 100 of the illustrated example can be used with various industrial processes (e.g., petrochemical applications, subsea applications, paper and pulp applications, etc.), high pressure differential applications and/or any other application(s).
    [0046] Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fluid valve 102 taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fluid valve 102 includes valve mechanism 200 in accordance with the teachings of the present disclosure. Fluid valve 102 includes a valve body 202 defining a fluid flow passageway 204 between an inlet 206 and an outlet 208. Valve body 202 includes a bore 210 for receiving valve mechanism 200 and positioning the valve mechanism 200 in fluid flow passageway 204. Valve mechanism 200 of the illustrated example is clamped into valve body 202 via cover 106 (FIG. 1). For example, the valve mechanism 200 of the illustrated example includes a valve seat 212 and a cage 214. For example, the valve seat 212 of the illustrated example includes an annular wall 216 (e.g., a shoulder) that engages a wall or shoulder 218 of valve body 202. A first end of cage 214 engages (e.g., rests on) a shoulder defined by annular wall 216 of valve seat 212. To retain the mechanism 200 in valve body 202, cover 106 engages or clamps cage 214 against valve seat 212. In other words, valve seat 212 and cage 214 are clamped between cover 106 and shoulder 218 of valve body 202. In some examples, cage 214 may be integrally formed with or attached to cover 106 and valve seat 212 may be coupled (e.g., attached) to cage 214 via fasteners (e.g. screws, etc.). In some of these examples, cage 214 and valve seat 212 provide a suspended mechanism configuration. In some examples, valve seat 212 may be attached to valve body 202 via fasteners, threads, and/or any other fastener(s). In some examples, valve seat 212 may be integrally formed with valve body 202.
    [0047] When positioned in the fluid flow passageway 204, the valve seat 212 defines an orifice 222 of the fluid flow passageway 204 and the cage 214 guides a flow control element 224 (for example a valve cap). Actuator 104 (FIG. 1) operatively couples to flow control member 224 via valve stem 226. In order to control fluid flow through orifice 222, actuator 104 (Fig. 1) moves flow control member 224 between a first position or a closed position 228 (e.g., as shown in Fig. 2) in which flow control member 224 engages, sealing surface 230 (eg, a lip) of valve seat 212 to prevent fluid flow through fluid flow passageway 204 and a second or open position (eg, 3) in which the flow control member 224 disengages from the flow surface 230 of the valve seat 212 to allow fluid flow through the passageway of fluid flow 204. In the closed position 228 of Figure 2, the stem valve 226 (for example via the actuator 104) is positioned in a first stroke position 232.
    [0048] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the fluid valve 102 of Figures 1 and 2, shown in an open position 300. In the open position 300, valve stem 226 (e.g. via actuator 104 of Figure 1 ) is in a second stroke position 302. In the open position 300, the valve mechanism 200 of the illustrated example allows fluid flow through the fluid flow passageway 204 between the inlet 206 and outlet 208. Specifically, in the open position 300, fluid flows through one or more windows or openings 304 provided by the valve seat 212 and cage 214 which fluidly couple the inlet 206 and the outlet 208. Apertures 304 of valve mechanism 200 affect fluid flow to provide a fluid flow characteristic for fluid to flow through fluid flow passageway 204. For example, the valve mechanism 200 of the illustrated example defines a e flow characteristic of control valve 100 based on a relationship between fluid flow capacity and valve stem displacement (e.g., valve stem displacement between first stroke position 232 of Figure 2 and the second stroke position 302 of Figure 3). Valve mechanism 200 affects how a flow capacity of control valve 100 changes as flow control member 224 moves through a full stroke or full travel during a constant pressure drop across the valve. of fluid 102 (e.g., inherent flow characteristics). In some examples, the apertures 304 provide a means to characterize or affect fluid flow through the fluid flow passageway 204. The flow characteristic provided by the illustrated valve mechanism 200 is based on a size dimensional and/or geometric shape of (e.g., flow path through) apertures 304. As described in more detail below, in order to modify or adjust flow characteristics, sizes of apertures 304 are modified by changing (for example by synchronizing) an orientation of the cage 214 with respect to the valve seat 212.
    [0049] Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the valve mechanism 200 of Figures 1-3. The cage 214 defines a body 402 having a side surface 404 and a central bore 406 for slidably receiving the control member flow 224. The central bore 406 extends between a first end 408 of the body 402 and a second end 410 of the body 402 opposite the first end 408. The body 402 of the illustrated example is a cylinder. Cage 214 includes a plurality of passageways 412 (eg, windows) through side surface 404 of body 402. Passageways 412 are radially spaced with respect to a longitudinal axis 414 of central bore 406 of the cage 214. Specifically, passageways 412 extend through body 402 between an inner surface 416 of cage 214 defined by central bore 406 and an outer surface 418 defined by side surface 404. 420 separate (eg, are positioned between) the plurality of passageways 412. Each of the passageways 412 extends along a portion of a longitudinal length of the body 402 of the cage 214 adjacent the first end 408. Each of the passageways 412 has a variable geometry. For example, a first portion of a passageway 412a has a first dimensional width 422 and a second portion of the passageway 412a has a second dimensional width 424 that is different (eg, greater) than the first dimensional width 422. In some examples, the passageways 412 have a transverse T-shape. In certain examples, the passageways 412 can have any other shape such as, for example, a square shape, a circular shape, an oblong shape or elliptical, etc.
    [0050] Valve seat 212 in the example shown is a seat ring. Valve seat 212 defines a valve seat body 430 having a central bore 432 defining an orifice 222 (FIG. 2) of fluid flow passageway 204 (FIG. 2). Valve seat 212 includes a plurality of teeth or protrusions 434. Specifically, protrusions 434 protrude toward cage 214 from an upper surface 436 of valve seat 212. Protrusions 434 having a longitudinal length configured to extend at least partially into the central bore 406 of the cage 214. In other words, the cage 214 slidably receives the flow control element 224 at the second end 410 of the the central bore 406 of the cage 214 and receives at least partially portions of the projections 434 of the valve seat 212 at the level of the first end 408 of the central bore 406.
    [0051] The projections 434 define a plurality of first apertures 440 and a plurality of second apertures 442. The projections 434 in the illustrated example are radially spaced with respect to a longitudinal axis 444 of the valve seat 212. For example, the projections 434 of the example shown are radially symmetrically spaced at equal intervals (eg at 60 degrees). Respective openings of the first openings 440 are positioned between the projections 434. Thus, the first openings 440 and the second openings 442 are arranged in an alternating pattern. However, in some examples, the protrusions 434 may be asymmetrically spaced. In some examples, first apertures 440 and second apertures 442 may be provided in a non-alternating pattern (eg, a random pattern).
    [0052] Each of the first apertures 440 in the illustrated example has a first dimensional area and each of the second apertures 442 has a second dimensional area that is different (e.g., smaller) than the first dimensional area of the first apertures 440. In other words, a greater volume of fluid can pass through first apertures 440 compared to second apertures 442. The first apertures in the illustrated example have a U-shaped profile.
    [0053] The projections 434 include a first set 434a of projections 434 defining a first set 442a of second apertures 442 and a second set 434b of projections 434 defining a second set 442b of second apertures 442 different from the first set 442a of second apertures 442. A respective aperture of the first openings 440 is positioned between a respective projection of the first set 434a of projections 434 and a respective projection of the second set 434b of projections 434. The first set 442a of second openings 442 of the illustrated example comprises V-shaped openings and the second set 442b of second apertures 442 of the illustrated example comprises Y-shaped apertures. The first set 434a of projections 434 of the illustrated example comprises three projections and the second set 434b of projections 434 of the illustrated example comprises three protrusions. In some examples, valve seat 212 may be configured with first set 434a of projections 434 (e.g., six projections 434 having a first set 442a of second openings 442) or second set 434b of projections 434 (e.g., six projections 434 having the second set 442b of second openings 442). In some examples, the valve seat 212 may include projections and/or openings having different shapes and/or different profiles (eg, rectangular openings, circular openings, oblong openings, etc.). In some examples, valve seat 212 includes a protrusion or obstruction structure and cage 214 includes passageway 412.
    [0054] As mentioned above, the flow characteristic of fluid valve 102 is provided by an orientation of cage 214 with respect to valve seat 212. In order to facilitate such orientation, valve seat 212 of example illustrated includes a locating slot 450 (eg, recess) for locating or positioning valve seat 212 relative to valve body 202 in a predetermined position. Positioning slot 450 is formed on an outer surface 430a of valve seat body 430 adjacent to annular wall 216. In order to orient or position cage 214 in a predetermined position or orientation relative to valve body 202 and /or to the valve seat 212, the cage 214 of the illustrated example includes an orientation tongue 452. The orientation tongue 452 of the illustrated example protrudes from the outer surface 418 of the cage 214. In certain examples , the valve mechanism 200 does not include a positioning slot 450 and/or an orientation tab 452.
    [0055] Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the valve mechanism 200 of Fig. 4. As shown in Fig. 5, at least a portion of each of the projections 434 (e.g., teeth or fingers) extends into the central bore 406 of the cage 214. For example, the projections 434 have longitudinal lengths capable of extending over at least portions of the passageways 412. In the example illustrated, each of the projections 434 has a longitudinal length configured to s extend over at least portions of the passageways 412 of the cage 214 when the valve seat 212 is coupled to the cage 214. In some examples, at least one of the projections 434 has a longitudinal length extending at least a portion of at least one of the passageways 412.
    [0056] The walls 420 of the cage 214 adjacent to the passageways 412 include an offset profile 502 to receive the projections 434 when the cage 214 couples to the valve seat 212. In other words, the walls 420 have a first dimension 504 ( for example, a first thickness) and a second dimension 506 (for example, a second thickness) different (for example, less) than the first dimension 504. In this way, the respective protrusions of the protrusions 434 fit into respective profiles of the profiles offset 502 from the walls 420. For this reason, an inner surface 508 of each of the projections 434 defining the central bore 432 of the valve seat 212 is substantially level with the inner surface 416 defining the central bore 406 of the cage 214. In other words, the central bore 406 of the cage 214 and the central bore 432 of the valve seat 212 defined by the projections 434 form a substantially unitary central opening 510 to receive slidably fit the flow control element 224 between the second end 410 of the cage 214 and the sealing surface 230 of the valve seat 212. For this reason, the projections 434 do not interfere with the element control element 224 when the flow control member 224 moves between the open position 300 and the closed position 228. The sealing surface 230 of the valve seat 212 is positioned between a first end 512 of the valve seat valve 212 from which projections 434 extend and a second end 514 of valve seat 212 opposite first end 512. inner surfaces 416 and 504 of cage 214 and valve seat 212, respectively, to engage sealing surface 230 of valve seat 212. Annular wall 216 of valve seat 212 of the illustrated example defines a wall or shoulder 516 for engage (e.g., receive) first end 408 of cage 214 when cage 214 is coupled to valve seat 212. Further, an outer surface 518 of annular wall 216 of valve seat 212 is mounted substantially level with respect to the outer surface 418 adjacent to the first end 408 of the cage 214.
    [0057] Figure 6 is a front view of the valve mechanism of Figures 1-5, configured to provide a first flow characteristic 600. The first flow characteristic 600 of the illustrated example provides a linear flow characteristic during a given change in position of flow control member 224 as flow control member 224 moves from closed position 228 (FIG. 2) to open position 300 (FIG. 3). Valve mechanism 200 provides first flow characteristic 600 when cage 214 is positioned in a first orientation 602 relative to valve seat 212. To provide first flow characteristic, cage 214 is positioned relative to valve seat 212. valve 212 such that the respective ones of the first apertures 440 align with the respective ones of the passageways 412 to define the apertures 304 (e.g., windows) through which fluid flow may pass between the inlet 206 and outlet 208 of fluid flow passageway 204. For example, projections 434 of valve seat 212 are positioned adjacent to passageways 412 of cage 214. Thus, openings 304 of valve mechanism 200 are formed or defined by passageways 412 and first openings 440 of valve seat 212. In this manner, passageways 412 are not obstructed. ed by (e.g., are unobstructed or devoid of) the projections 434. In the first orientation 602, the respective ones of the projections 434 of the valve seat 212 are aligned with (e.g., nested within the offset profiles 502 of) the respective walls of the walls 420 of cage 214. Thus, walls 420 block second apertures 442 to restrict or prevent fluid flow through second apertures 442. In this manner, projections 434 do not affect (e.g., diminish) fluid flow area of the passageways 412. In other words, the protrusions 434 of the valve seat 212 do not alter or affect a flow passageway (e.g., the openings 304) defined by a shape of a perimeter or cross-sectional area of the passageways 412.
    [0058] Figure 7 is a front view of the valve mechanism of Figures 1-5, configured to provide a second flow characteristic 700 different from the first flow characteristic 600 of Figure 6. For example, the second flow characteristic 700 provides an equivalent percentage flow characteristic for a given change in position of the flow control element 224 as the flow control element 224 moves from the closed position 228 (FIG. 2) to the open position 300 (FIG. 3). Valve mechanism 200 provides second flow characteristic 700 when cage 214 is positioned in a second orientation 702 with respect to valve seat 212 (e.g. different from first orientation 602 of Figure 6). To provide the second flow characteristic 700, the cage 214 is positioned relative to the valve seat 212 such that the respective openings of the second openings 442 align with respective passageways of the passageways 412 of the cage 214 to define apertures 704 (e.g., windows) of valve mechanism 200 through which fluid flow may pass between inlet 206 and outlet 208 of fluid flow passageway 204. In the second orientation 702, the respective openings of the first openings 440 of the valve seat 212 are aligned with (for example blocked by) the respective walls of the walls 420 of the cage 214. Thus, the walls 420 block the first openings 440 to limit or prevent the fluid flow through first apertures 440. In this manner, respective ones of the protrusions 434 obstruct (e.g. line up with) respective passageways of passageways 412 to reduce a fluid flow passageway (eg, a flow path of opening 704) through which fluid can flow between inlet 206 and outlet 208. in other words, in the second orientation 702, the protrusions 434 of the valve seat 212 alter or affect a flow passageway (e.g., the apertures 704) defined by a shape of a perimeter or cross-sectional area of the flow paths. passageway 412. In the illustrated example, projections 434 reduce or decrease a fluid flow area of passageways 412 when projections 434 align with passageways 412. In the second orientation 702, apertures 704 allow a different volume (eg, lesser amount) of fluid flow therethrough than the openings 304 provided when the cage 214 is in the first orientation 602 with respect to the valve seat 212. second openings 442, projections 434 and/or passageways 412 provide the second flow characteristic 700.
    [0059] Thus, the valve mechanism 200 of the illustrated example provides the first flow characteristic 600 when the cage 214 is positioned in the first orientation 602 with respect to the valve seat 212 and the second flow characteristic 700 when the cage 214 is positioned in a second orientation 702 with respect to valve seat 212 different from first orientation 602. In some examples, valve mechanism 200 may be configured to provide a third flow characteristic, a fourth flow characteristic, etc. . For example, to provide a third flow characteristic, cage 214 may be positioned in a third orientation with respect to valve seat 212 different from the first and second orientations. In the third orientation, at least a portion of a respective one of the second apertures 442 (e.g., half of the projections 434) and at least a portion of a respective one of the first apertures 440 align with a respective passageway passageways 412 to provide the third flow characteristic. In other examples, a number or shape of second apertures 442 and/or size and/or shape of protrusions 434 may be configured to provide a third flow characteristic different from the first and second fluid flow characteristics. . In some examples, a number and/or profile of projections 434, first openings 440, second openings 442 and/or passageways 412 may be configured to provide any other type of design feature(s). flow.
    [0060] Figure 8A is a cross-sectional perspective view of the valve body 202 of Figures 1-3. Figure 8B is a bottom sectional view of the valve body taken on line 8B-8B of Figure 3 with the valve mechanism 200 coupled to valve body 202. Figure 8C is a top sectional view of valve body 202 of Figures 2 and 3 with valve mechanism 200 coupled to valve body 202.
    [0061] Referring to Figures 8A through 8C, in order to fix and/or orient a position (e.g., a predetermined position) of valve seat 212 relative to valve body 202, valve seat 212 and valve body 202 include a first key 802 (FIG. 8B). First key 802 locates or positions valve seat 212 relative to valve body 202 in a predetermined orientation 804. The first key 802 includes a locating tab 806 and the locating slot 450 to receive the locating tab 806. In the illustrated example, the valve body 202 of the illustrated example includes the locating tab 806. location 806 projects from an inner wall or surface 808 of valve body 202 defining fluid flow passageway 204. Location tab 806 engages (eg, is received by) location slot 450 of the valve seat 212 to fix a position and/or orientation of valve seat 212 relative to valve body 202 in the predetermined orientation 804. In some examples, valve seat 212 includes positioning tab 806 and valve body 202 includes positioning slot 450. In other words, valve seat 212 or valve body 202 includes positioning tab 806 and the other of valve seat 212 or valve body 202 includes positioning slot 450.
    [0062] In order to position the cage 214 in the first orientation 602 (FIG. 6) or the second orientation 702 (FIG. 7) with respect to the valve seat 212, the cage 214 and the valve body 202 define a second key 810. The second key 810 includes orientation tab 452 of cage 214 and a plurality of orientation slots 812 formed in valve body 202. Orientation slots 812 are radially spaced with respect to a longitudinal axis 814 of bore 210 (e.g., around the circumference of bore 210) configured to receive cage 214. A number of orientation slots 812 correspond to a number of possible flow characteristics of valve mechanism 200. For example, a first slot orientation slot 816 formed on valve body 202 corresponds to first flow characteristic 600 and a second orientation slot 818 formed on valve body 202 corresponds to second flow characteristic 700. i, the orientation tab 452 is positioned in engagement or is received by the first orientation slot 816 to position the cage 214 in the first orientation 602 with respect to the valve seat 212 and the orientation tab 452 is positioned in engagement with or is received by the second orientation slot 818 to position the cage 214 in the second orientation 702 with respect to the valve seat 212. In some examples, the valve body 202 includes a third slot of orientation to position cage 214 in a third orientation relative to valve seat 212 that is different from first orientation 602 and second orientation 702.
    [0063] Figure 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view of valve body 202 and valve mechanism 200 when valve mechanism 200 is in first orientation 602 configured to provide first flow characteristic 600. In first orientation 602 , the respective openings of the first openings 440 of the valve seat 212 align with the respective passageways of the passageways 412 of the cage 214 so that the openings 304 provide a fluid flow path 902 providing a characteristic of linear flow as flow control member 224 moves between closed position 228 and open position 300.
    [0064] Figure 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view of valve body 202 and valve mechanism 200 when valve mechanism 200 is in the second orientation 702, configured to provide the second flow characteristic 700. In the second orientation 702, the respective openings of the second openings 442 of the valve seat 212 align with the respective passageways of the passageways 412 of the cage 214 so that the openings 704 provide a fluid flow path 1002 providing a percentage equivalent when the flow control element 224 moves between the closed position 228 and the open position 300.
    [0065] Figures 11A-11D are representative schematic illustrations of an exemplary method 1100 for configuring valve mechanism 200 between first flow characteristic 600 and second flow characteristic 700. Referring to Figure 11A, the valve mechanism valve 200 is positioned to provide the first flow characteristic 600. Specifically, cage 214 is in first orientation 602 with respect to valve seat 212, and valve seat 212 is secured to valve body 202 in the predetermined orientation 804 (for example via the first key 802 of FIG. 8B). For example, locating tab 806 (FIG. 8A) of valve body 202 is positioned in locating slot 450 of valve seat 212 to fix a position of valve seat 212 relative to valve body 202. orientation tab 452 of cage 214 is positioned in first orientation slot 816 (FIG. 8A) of valve body 202 to position cage 214 in first orientation 602.
    [0066] Referring to Figure 11B, in order to modify or convert valve mechanism 200 to provide the second flow characteristic 700, a user removes actuator 104 (Figure 1) and cover 106 (Figure 1) from the valve body. 202. In some examples, valve stem 226 and flow control element 224 are removed. Cage 214 is then moved in a direction 1102 (e.g., an upward direction in the orientation of Fig. 11B) away from valve seat 212 to withdraw or clear orientation tab 452 of cage 214 from the first slot. orientation 816 of the valve body 202. The valve seat 212 is held in the predetermined orientation 804 via the first key 802. In other words, the valve seat 212 is not removed from the valve body 202 .
    [0067] Referring to Figure 11C, the cage 214 is rotated around the longitudinal axis 414 of the cage 214 in a direction of rotation 1104 (for example clockwise in the orientation of the figure 11C) to move orientation tab 452 to second orientation slot 818 of valve body 202. For example, cage 214 is synchronized between 30 degrees and 60 degrees (eg 45 degrees) to change the orientation of the cage 214 with respect to the valve seat 212 between the first orientation 602 and the second orientation 702.
    [0068] Referring to Fig. 11D, when orientation tab 452 is aligned with second orientation slot 818, cage 214 is moved in a direction 1106 (e.g., a downward direction in the orientation of Fig. 11D) toward valve seat 212 to position orientation tab 452 within or into engagement with second orientation slot 818 (FIG. 8A) of valve body 202. Cover 106 and actuator 104 are attached on valve body 202. In some examples, valve stem 226 and flow control element 224 are positioned in center bore 406 of cage 214 prior to securing cover 106 and actuator 104 to the valve body 202. Thus, the valve seat 212 need not be removed from the valve body 202 to change the valve mechanism 200 between the first flow characteristic 600 and the second flow characteristic 700 .
    [0069] Figures 12A-12G are different views of cage 214 of Figures 1-7, 8A-8C, 9, 10, and 11A-11D. Figures 13A-13G are various views of valve seat 212 of Figures 1-7, 8A-8C, 9, 10, and 11A-11D.
    [0070] From the above, the valve mechanism 200 described herein can be configured to provide two or more flow characteristics with the same set of mechanism parts (e.g., cage 214 and valve seat 212), thereby reducing manufacturing costs. For example, valve mechanism 200 provides different flow characteristic configurations based on an alignment of passageways 412 of cage 214 and openings (e.g., first and second openings 440, 442) provided by the valve seat 212. For example, valve mechanism 200 provides first flow characteristic 600 when passageways 412 align with first openings 440 of valve seat 212 and provides second flow characteristic 700 when the passageways 412 of the cage 214 align with the second openings 442. In some of these examples, the cage 214 can be positioned relative to the valve seat 212 in a third orientation (for example corresponding to a third slot of orientation of the valve body 202) to provide a third flow characteristic different from the first and second flow characteristics. For example, in the third orientation, a first portion (e.g., first half) of one of the passageways 412 of the cage 214 aligns with a portion (e.g., half) of one of the first openings 440 and a second portion (e.g., second half) of one of the passageways 412 aligns with a portion (e.g., one half) of one of the second openings 442. In this manner, the passageways respective ones of the passageways 412 of the cage 214 align with respective portions (e.g., half-portions) of the respective openings of the first and second openings 440, 442.
    [0071] In some examples, an exemplary valve seat described herein may include a set of third prongs projecting from the valve seat to provide third openings that have a profile or shape that are different from the profiles and shapes of the first and second openings. In some of these examples, cage 214 may be positioned relative to the valve seat in a third orientation different from the first and second orientations. In the third orientation, the passageways 412 of the cage 214 align with the third openings provided by the set of third teeth of the valve seat to provide a third flow characteristic different from the first and second flow characteristics. .
    [0072] In some examples, an exemplary valve mechanism described herein can be configured to provide a plurality of different flow characteristics. For example, a valve seat described herein may use a plurality of different teeth or protrusions to define a respective plurality of different openings. A cage passageway may align with a first valve seat opening to provide a first flow characteristic, a cage passageway may align with a second valve seat opening to provide a second flow characteristic different from the first flow characteristic, a passageway of the cage can align with a third opening of the valve seat to provide a third flow characteristic different from the first and second flow characteristics of fluid, a passageway of the cage may align with a fourth opening of the valve seat to provide a fourth flow characteristic different from the first, second and third fluid flow characteristics, etc.
    [0073] In some examples, the passageways of the cage may comprise a first set of passageways having a first shape or profile and a second set of passageways having a second shape or profile different from the first set of passageways. In some of these examples, the first set of passageways align with a first set of openings provided by the valve seat to provide a first flow characteristic, the second set of passageways of the cage aligns with a second set of openings in the valve seat to provide a second flow characteristic different from the first flow characteristic, the third set of cage passageways align with a third set of openings in the valve seat to provide a third flow characteristic different from the first and second flow characteristics, etc. In some examples, a valve seat may be configured with passageways (eg, passageways 412) and a cage may be configured with one or more teeth (eg, projections 434) to define first openings (eg. example, the first openings 440) and the second openings (for example the second openings 442).
    [0074] In some examples, a valve cage and seat may include a plurality of holes or openings (e.g. pin holes) which may overlap or align to define a plurality of windows or openings (e.g. openings 304, 704) which provide different flow characteristics. In some of these examples, the cage holes can be configured to line up with the valve seat holes in different configurations to provide different flow characteristics. For example, the cage can be oriented relative to the valve seat holes so that the cage holes remain fully open to provide a first flow characteristic, the cage can be oriented relative to the valve seat holes to so that the cage holes are partially open (eg, 75% open) to provide a second flow characteristic, the cage may be oriented relative to the valve seat holes such that the cage holes are partially blocked (e.g. 75% blocked) to provide a third flow characteristic, etc.
    [0075] In some examples, fluid valve 102 and/or valve body 202 provide a means to define a fluid flow passageway. In some examples, valve seat 212, sealing surface 230, and/or second flow control member 224 provide a means of sealing. In some examples, the cage 214 provides a guide means that can be positioned relative to the valve seat (e.g., a sealing means) between at least one of a first orientation or a second orientation different from the first orientation. . In some examples, first key 802 provides the first means to secure valve seat 212 relative to valve body 202 in a predetermined orientation. In some examples, second key 810 provides a second means for securing cage 214 relative to valve seat 212 or valve body 202 in either the first orientation or the second orientation. In some examples, apertures 304 and/or 704 provide a means to characterize the fluid flow characteristic. In some examples, projections 434 provide a means to obstruct fluid flow across at least a portion of passageways 412. In some examples, passageways 412 and first openings 440 provide means for defining a first flow characteristic and passageways 412 and second openings 442 provide means for defining a second flow characteristic. In some examples, the passageways 412 provide a means for characterizing the fluid flow and the projections 434 provide a means for obstructing the means for characterizing the fluid flow.
    [0076] Although certain apparatus, methods and articles of manufacture have been described herein, the scope of protection of this patent is not limited thereto. On the contrary, this patent covers all apparatus, methods and articles of manufacture falling within the scope of the appended claims, literally or under the doctrine of equivalents.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [0001]
    Valve mechanism (200) comprising: a cage (214) defining a body having a bore to receive a valve plug, the cage (214) including a plurality of passageways (412) through a side surface of the body which are radially spaced with respect to a longitudinal axis bore; and a valve seat (212) for receiving the cage (214), the valve seat (212) having a plurality of projections (434) defining a plurality of first apertures (440) and a plurality of second apertures (442), some first apertures (440) align with respective ones of the passageways (412) to provide a first flow characteristic (600) when the cage (214) is positioned in a first orientation relative to the seat of the valve (212), and some of the second openings (442) align with respective passageways of the passageways (412) of the cage (214) to provide a second flow characteristic (700) different from the first flow characteristic (600) when the cage (214) is positioned in a second orientation relative to the valve seat (212), different from the first orientation.
    [0002]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the passageways (412) of the cage (214) is unobstructed by the projections (434) when the cage is in the first orientation relative to the valve seat (212) to provide the first flow characteristic (600).
    [0003]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the passageways (412) of the cage (214) is obstructed by at least one of the projections (434) when the cage (214) is in the second orientation relative to the valve seat (212) to provide the second flow characteristic (700).
    [0004]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 1, wherein the first flow characteristic (600) is a linear flow characteristic and the second flow characteristic (700) is an equivalent percentage flow characteristic.
    [0005]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 1, wherein the cage (214) includes an orientation tab (452) for engaging at least one of a first slot (816) of a valve body ( 202) to orient the cage (214) in the first orientation or a second slot (818) of the valve body (202) to orient the cage (214) in the second orientation different from the first orientation.
    [0006]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 1, wherein the valve seat (212) includes a locating slot (816) to receive a locating tab (452) of a valve body (202) to secure a orientation of the valve seat (212) relative to the valve body (202) when the valve seat (212) is positioned in the valve body (202).
    [0007]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 1, wherein the first apertures (440) are formed between the projections (434) and the second apertures (442) are formed by the projections (434).
    [0008]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 1, wherein the second apertures (442) comprise a first set (442a) of second apertures (442) having a first shape and a second set (442b) of second apertures (442) having a second shape different from the first shape of the first set (442a) of second openings (442).
    [0009]
    Valve including: a valve body (202) defining a fluid flow path between an inlet and an outlet; a valve seat (212) positioned in the valve body (202) to define an orifice of the fluid flow passageway, the valve seat (212) defining a plurality of projections (434); and a cage (214) positioned in the fluid flow passageway, the cage (214) defining a bore and a plurality of passageways (412) formed through a side surface of the cage, the cage being provided to to slidably receive a valve plug at a first end of the bore and to at least partially receive a portion of the valve seat projections (212) at an opposite second end of the bore at the first end.
    [0010]
    A valve according to claim 9, wherein the cage (214) is positionable relative to the valve seat (212) in a plurality of different orientations to provide a plurality of different fluid flow characteristics, each of the orientations being intended to provide a respective characteristic of the different fluid flow characteristics.
    [0011]
    A valve as claimed in claim 9, wherein at least one of the projections (434) has a longitudinal length extending across at least a portion of at least one of the passageways ( 412).
    [0012]
    A valve according to claim 9, wherein the valve seat (212) and the valve body (202) include a first key to fix a position of the valve seat (212) relative to the valve body (202).
    [0013]
    A valve according to claim 12, wherein the first key includes a locating tab (806) and a locating slot (816) to receive the locating tab (806), one of the valve seat (212) or the the valve body (202) includes the positioning tab (806) and the other of the valve seat (212) or the valve body (202) includes the positioning slot (816).
    [0014]
    A valve according to claim 12, wherein the cage (214) and the valve body (202) define a second key to position the cage (214) in at least one of a first orientation relative to the valve seat (212 ) or a second orientation relative to the valve seat (212) that is different from the first orientation.
    [0015]
    A valve according to claim 14, wherein the second key includes an orientation tab (806) projecting from the side surface of the cage (214) and a plurality of orientation slots (816) formed in the valve body ( 202), the orientation slots (816) being radially spaced with respect to a longitudinal axis of a bore defined by the valve body (202) which is configured to receive the cage (214).
    [0016]
    A valve according to claim 15, wherein the orientation tab is provided to engage a first of the orientation slots to position the cage (214) in a first orientation relative to the valve seat (212).
    [0017]
    A valve according to claim 16, wherein the orientation tab is provided to engage a second one of the orientation slots to position the cage (214) in a second orientation relative to the valve seat (212).
    [0018]
    Valve mechanism (200) comprising: a sealing means comprising means for obstructing the flow of fluid; and means for guiding a valve plug, the guiding means comprising means for characterizing fluid flow, the guiding means being positionable relative to the sealing means between at least one of a first orientation or a second orientation different from the first orientation, the means for obstructing fluid flow being positioned adjacent to the means for characterizing fluid flow when the guide means is in the first orientation, and the means for obstructing flow of fluid being provided to align with the means for characterizing fluid flow when the guide means is in the second orientation.
    [0019]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 18, wherein the means for obstructing fluid flow does not obstruct the means for characterizing fluid flow when the guide means is in the first orientation, the means for obstructing the fluid flow extends across at least a portion of the means for characterizing the fluid flow when the guide means is in the second orientation.
    [0020]
    A valve mechanism (200) according to claim 18, further comprising means for defining a fluid flow path (412) between an inlet (206) and an outlet (208), the means for defining the fluid flow passage (412) being configured to receive the sealing means and the means for guiding the valve plug, wherein the guiding means and the means for defining the fluid flow passageway (412 ) include a first means for securing the guide means in the first orientation or the second orientation, and the sealing means and the means for defining the fluid flow passageway (412) include a second means for securing the means for sealing relative to the means for defining the fluid flow passageway (412) in a third orientation.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN111828666A|2020-10-27|
    US11255442B2|2022-02-22|
    US20210018101A1|2021-01-21|
    RU2020113470A|2021-10-15|
    GB2584011A|2020-11-18|
    US20200325996A1|2020-10-15|
    DE102020110148A1|2020-10-15|
    GB2584011B|2021-05-19|
    US10830358B2|2020-11-10|
    GB202005101D0|2020-05-20|
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    DE102015016902A1|2015-12-29|2017-06-29|Samson Aktiengesellschaft|Valve cage for receiving a valve member and method for actuating a control valve with a valve cage and a valve member|
    US10724642B2|2017-05-23|2020-07-28|Fisher Controls International Llc|Modular valve trim assembly for use in a process control valve|
    US10508742B2|2017-10-25|2019-12-17|Circor International, Inc.|Valve cage assembly|
    US10830358B2|2019-04-15|2020-11-10|Fisher Controls International Llc|Valve trim having adjustable fluid flow characteristics and related methods|US10830358B2|2019-04-15|2020-11-10|Fisher Controls International Llc|Valve trim having adjustable fluid flow characteristics and related methods|
    US11035479B2|2019-10-16|2021-06-15|Emerson Process Management Regulator Technologies, Inc|Circumferentially-sectioned valve cages|
    法律状态:
    2021-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2021-08-27| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20210827 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US16/384,402|US10830358B2|2019-04-15|2019-04-15|Valve trim having adjustable fluid flow characteristics and related methods|
    US16/384,402|2019-04-15|
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